The Articles of the AI Liability Directive (Proposal 28.9.2022)



Article 1, Subject matter and scope.

1. This Directive lays down common rules on:

(a) the disclosure of evidence on high-risk artificial intelligence (AI) systems to enable a claimant to substantiate a non-contractual fault-based civil law claim for damages;

(b) the burden of proof in the case of non-contractual fault-based civil law claims brought before national courts for damages caused by an AI system.


2. This Directive applies to non-contractual fault-based civil law claims for damages, in cases where the damage caused by an AI system occurs after [the end of the transposition period].

This Directive does not apply to criminal liability.


3. This Directive shall not affect:

(a) rules of Union law regulating conditions of liability in the field of transport;

(b) any rights which an injured person may have under national rules implementing Directive 85/374/EEC;

(c) the exemptions from liability and the due diligence obligations as laid down in [the Digital Services Act] and

(d) national rules determining which party has the burden of proof, which degree of certainty is required as regards the standard of proof, or how fault is defined, other than in respect of what is provided for in Articles 3 and 4.


4. Member States may adopt or maintain national rules that are more favourable for claimants to substantiate a non-contractual civil law claim for damages caused by an AI system, provided such rules are compatible with Union law.



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We process and store data in compliance with both, the Swiss Federal Act on Data Protection (FADP) and the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The service provider is Hostpoint. The servers are located in the Interxion data center in Zürich, the data is saved exclusively in Switzerland, and the support, development and administration activities are also based entirely in Switzerland.


Understanding Cybersecurity in the European Union.

1. The NIS 2 Directive

2. The European Cyber Resilience Act

3. The Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA)

4. The Critical Entities Resilience Directive (CER)

5. The Digital Services Act (DSA)

6. The Digital Markets Act (DMA)

7. The European Health Data Space (EHDS)

8. The European Chips Act

9. The European Data Act

10. The European Data Governance Act (DGA)

11. The EU Cyber Solidarity Act

12. The Artificial Intelligence Act

13. The Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive

14. The Framework for Artificial Intelligence Cybersecurity Practices (FAICP)

15. The European ePrivacy Regulation

16. The European Digital Identity Regulation

17. The European Cyber Defence Policy

18. The Strategic Compass of the European Union

19. The EU Cyber Diplomacy Toolbox